耶穌,我主、我的天主

by FLL Editorial Team
2013-12-03


就在那時刻,耶穌因聖神而歡欣說:「父啊! 天地的主宰,我稱謝你,因為你將這些事瞞住了智慧和明達的人,而啟示了給小孩子。是的,父啊! 你原來喜歡這樣做。我父將一切都交給我,除了父,沒有一個認識子是誰,除了子及子所願啟示的人外,也沒有一個認識父是誰的。

耶穌轉過身來私下對門徒說:「見你們所見之事的眼睛是有福的。我告訴你們:曾經有許多先知及君王希望看你們所見的,而沒有看見;聽你們所聽的,而沒有聽到。」
路加福音 10:21-24

可能有人在聽見耶穌稱謝天父後,會認為祂是以一個較卑微的身份說出這話,但其實聖子耶穌基督與聖父同性同體,同是天主;正如我們常在尼西亞信經中念到:「祂(耶穌)是出自天主的天主,出自光明的光明,出自真天主的真天主。祂是聖父所生,而非聖父所造,與聖父同性同體,萬物是藉著祂而造成的。」

可是既然萬物是藉著耶穌基督而造成的,那為何祂說「我父將一切都交給我」?如果正如聖經所記載:「祂在萬有之先就有,萬有都賴祂而存在…」(哥1:17) 「萬有是藉著衪而造成的;凡受造的,沒有一樣不是由衪而造成的。」(若1:3)那麼祂該如天父一樣擁有一切受造物,而不需要由天父交給祂,不是嗎?

其實所謂的「交給」,並不在於一種權力的轉讓,而是在於為何聖言要降生成人。在起初,萬物是藉著聖言而造成的;當人類犯罪後,萬物都失去秩序,所以聖言降生成人,重整一切。因此天父把一切交給祂,並非因為祂有所欠缺,而是讓祂成就救世的工程。

「在衪內有生命,這生命是人的光。」(若1:4)

(本文以英文為準)


Jesus rejoiced in the Holy Spirit and said, “I give you praise, Father, Lord of heaven and earth,
for although you have hidden these things from the wise and the learned you have revealed them to the childlike. Yes, Father, such has been your gracious will. All things have been handed over to me by my Father. No one knows who the Son is except the Father, and who the Father is except the Son and anyone to whom the Son wishes to reveal him.”

Turning to the disciples in private he said, “Blessed are the eyes that see what you see.
For I say to you, many prophets and kings desired to see what you see, but did not see it, and to hear what you hear, but did not hear it.”
Luke 10:21-24

Those whose hearts are twisted, say the Son gives thanks to the Father as an inferior being. But what should prevent the Son who is of the same substance as the Father from praising His own Father, who saves the world by Him? If you think that because of His giving thanks He shows Himself to be inferior, observe, that He calls Him His Father, and the Lord of heaven and earth.

Those who believe that Jesus was just a created being and not God, misunderstanding this, rave against our Lord, saying, "If all things were given to him", there was as a time when He did not have them, and so was not consubstantial with the Father. For if He had been, there would be no need for Him to receive. But here is their mistake: if the creature was separate from the Word before He had received all things, how will that verse stand, "In him all things consist?" (Col. 1:17) But if all things were given to Him as soon as they were created, why was this necessary if "by him were all things made?" (John 1:3)

The dominion of the creation then is not about a transfer of power, but an explanation why the Word became man. For after man sinned, all creation was thrown into disorder; the Word then was made flesh, that He might restore all things. All things therefore were given Him, not because He was lacking in power, but that as Savior He should repair all things; that as by the Word all things at the beginning were brought into being, so when the Word was made flesh, He should restore all things in Himself.

參考 References:
Sermon 65, Commentary on Luke (St. Cyril of Alexandria)
On Luke 10:22 and Matthew 11:27 (St. Athanasius)

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