Posted 2 月 11, 2014 by FLL Editorial Team in

拘守先人的傳統

那時候，法利塞人和一些從耶路撒冷來的經師，聚集到耶穌跟前。他們曾看見他的幾個門徒用不潔的手，就是用沒有洗過的手吃飯——原來，法利塞人和所有的猶太人，都拘守先人的傳授：若不仔細洗手，就不吃飯；從街市上回來，若不先沐浴，也不吃飯；還有其他許多傳授應拘守的事：如洗杯、洗壺、洗銅器等——法利塞人和經師們就問耶穌說：「你的門徒為什麼不遵守先人的傳授，而用不潔的手吃飯？」耶穌對他們說：「依撒意亞論你們這些假善人預言的真好，正如所記載的：『這民族用嘴唇尊敬我，他們的心卻遠離我。他們恭敬我，也是虛假的，因為他們所講授的教義，是人的規律。』你們離棄天主的誡命，而只拘守人的傳授。」又向他們說：「真好啊！你們為拘守你們的傳授，竟廢除了天主的誡命。梅瑟原說過：『你該孝敬你的父親及母親。』又說：『咒罵了父親或母親的，應處以死刑。』你們卻說，人若對父親或母親說：我所能供養你的，已成了『科爾班』，即『獻儀』，那麼就准許那人不必再為父母做什麼了：這樣你們便為了你們所傳授的遺教，廢棄了天主的話；並且你們還行了許多其他諸如此類的事。」
馬爾谷福音 7:1-13

Curses Against the Pharisees
by James Tissot (1836–1902)

耶穌指責法利塞人和經師們是「假善人」和「拘守人的傳授」，因他們表面上教人緊守天主的誡命，但其實內心卻離天主很遠，甚至因私心而以人的規律取代天主的教導。

例如天主教導人孝敬父親及母親，包括用財產供養他們；法利塞人卻因貪念，教導那些兒子告訴父母那些財產已成了奉獻給天主的獻儀，以致他們忽略了父母的需要，法利塞人卻可自己霸佔這些祭獻。

因此耶穌責備他們說：「這樣你們便為了你們所傳授的遺教，廢棄了天主的話；並且你們還行了許多其他諸如此類的事。」

你又有沒有由於人的私心或因拘泥於習慣，結果背棄了天主的教導？

（本文以英文為準）

When the Pharisees with some scribes who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus, they observed that some of his disciples ate their meals with unclean, that is, unwashed, hands. (For the Pharisees and, in fact, all Jews, do not eat without carefully washing their hands, keeping the tradition of the elders. And on coming from the marketplace they do not eat without purifying themselves. And there are many other things that they have traditionally observed, the purification of cups and jugs and kettles and beds.) So the Pharisees and scribes questioned him, “Why do your disciples not follow the tradition of the elders but instead eat a meal with unclean hands?” He responded, “Well did Isaiah prophesy about you hypocrites, as it is written:

This people honors me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me; In vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrines human precepts.

You disregard God’s commandment but cling to human tradition.” He went on to say, “How well you have set aside the commandment of God in order to uphold your tradition! For Moses said, Honor your father and your mother, and Whoever curses father or mother shall die. Yet you say, ‘If someone says to father or mother, “Any support you might have had from me is qorban$2″0$ (meaning, dedicated to God), you allow him to do nothing more for his father or mother. You nullify the word of God in favor of your tradition that you have handed on. And you do many such things.”
Mark 7:1-13

The sense of the word “honour” in Scripture is not so much the saluting and paying court to men, but alms-giving, and bestowing gifts; as St. Paul says, “Honour widows who are widows indeed.” (1 Tim 5:3)

Notwithstanding the existence of such a divine law, and the threats against such as break it, you lightly transgress the commandments of God, observing the traditions of the Elders. For the Pharisees, wishing to devour the offerings, instructed sons, when their parents asked for some of their property, to answer them, what you have asked of us is qorban, that is, a gift already dedicated to God; thus the parents would not require it, as being offered up to the Lord, and in that way profitable for their own salvation. Thus the Pharisees deceived the sons into neglecting their parents, while they themselves devoured the offerings; with this therefore the Lord reproaches them, as transgressing the law of God for the sake of personal gain.

Wherefore it goes on, “You nullify the word of God in favor of your tradition that you have handed on. And you do many such things;” transgressing, that is, the commands of God, that you may observe the traditions of men.

參考 References:
Catena Aurea (St. Thomas Aquinas)
On the Gospel of Mark (St. Bede the Venerable)
Explanations on the New Testament (St. Theophylact of Ochrid)
Pseudo-Chysostom

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